Sezvo mafungu eIndustry 4.0 neIndustrial Internet of Things (IIoT) achipararira pasi rose, kubatana kweOperational Technology (OT) neInformation Technology (IT) hakuchinjiki. Kunyange zvazvo kubatana uku kuchiunza kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvisina kumboitika uye ruzivo rwedata, kunoparadzawo ngano ye "kuparadzaniswa kwepanyama" kweIndustrial Control Systems (ICS), zvichiratidza ma network ekugadzira zvinhu zvakakosha kunjodzi dzecyber dzakaoma.
Semutungamiriri wezana remakore mukugadzirisa zviratidzo uye maindasitiri, Belden anotenda kuti mhinduro huru yedambudziko iri haisi yekungo "gadzirisa" sisitimu mushure mekuvakwa kwayo, asi kudzokera kune zvakakosha - kusimbisa zvakadzama misimboti yekuchengetedza kubva padanho rekutanga rekugadzira zvivakwa, kuvaka dziviriro yakasimba ine hunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza.
Matambudziko Akasarudzika Ekuchengetedzwa kweOT: Nei Maitiro Ekuchengetedza IT Asingagone Kugadziriswa Zvakananga?
Tisati takurukura nezvemhinduro, tinofanira kuziva zvakajeka kusiyana kwenzvimbo yeOT. Kusiyana nenzvimbo dzeIT dzinoisa pakutanga "kuchengetedzwa kwedata," zvinodiwa zvikuru munzvimbo yeOT ndezve "kuwanikwa" kwekugadzirwa uye "kuenderera mberi." Chero nguva yekusashanda inokonzerwa nematanho ekuchengetedza asina kukwana inogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwehupfumi kwemamiriyoni kana njodzi dzekuchengetedza.
Manetwork eOT anotarisana nematambudziko akasiyana:
Kuwanikwa kwakakosha: Kugadziriswa kwekuchengetedza kana kuskena hakufanirwe kukanganisa maitiro ekugadzira.
Masisitimu akajairwa: Zvishandiso zvakawanda zvakagara kwemakore (PLCs, HMIs) hazvitsigire maprotocol emazuva ano e encryption uye hazvigone kugadziriswa.
Maitiro ekushandisa: Maitiro eindasitiri (akadai seModbus TCP, EtherCAT, EtherNet/IP, PROFINET) haana kugadzirwa nepfungwa dzekuchengetedza uye anogona kurwiswa.
Nzvimbo dzakaoma: Midziyo inofanira kushanda zvakadzikama kana tembiricha yakanyanyisa, hunyoro, uye mamiriro ekuzunguzika.
Saka, kungodzokorora nzira dzekuchengetedza IT mumunda weOT hakuna zvakunobatsira. Mhinduro dzekuchengetedza dzinofanira kugadziriswa zvakanyanya kuti dzienderane nezvinodiwa zveOT.
Belden Hirschmann: Kuvaka Nzvimbo Yekuchengetedza Kubva paVatatu
Chikamu 1: Nzvimbo & Migero - Kuparadzaniswa Kwenetiweki Yakasimba
Iyi ndiyo nheyo huru yekuchengetedzwa kwenetiweki yemaindasitiri. Nekupatsanura netiweki kuita nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekuchengetedza (MaZones), dzakadai senzvimbo dzekudzora, nzvimbo dzekutarisa, uye nzvimbo dzekugadzira, uye kudzikamisa kutaurirana pakati penzvimbo kuenda kumakombiyuta akajeka, kufamba kwezvipingamupinyi padivi kunogona kuderedzwa zvinobudirira. Kunyangwe kana nzvimbo ikakanganiswa, kukuvara kunogona kuganhurirwa kusvika padiki. Maitiro aBelden: Belden'sHirschmannIndustrial switch series inopa hwaro hwakasimba uye hwakavimbika hwehardware yekuvaka modhi yakajeka ye "zones and conduits" kuburikidza nekupatsanura kwakasimba kweVLAN (Virtual Local Area Network), Access Control Lists (ACLs), uye granular port management. Inovimbisa kuti traffic yakabvumidzwa chete ndiyo inogona kufamba pakati penzvimbo dzine mazinga akasiyana ekuchengetedza.
Chikamu chechipiri: Kudzivirirwa Kwemiganhu - "Vachengeti Vemagedhi Vepamusoro-soro" Vane Hungwaru
Mushure mekukamura network kuita ma zones, muganhu wenzvimbo yega yega unoda "muchengeti wegedhi" ane simba kuti aite ongororo dzakasimba dzekuchengetedza. Izvi hazvisi kungovhara traffic chete, asi zvinoda dziviriro ine hungwaru inonzwisisa mutauro weindasitiri. Maitiro aBelden: Ma firewall ekuchengetedza maindasitiri eEagle series ndiwo musimboti weiyi layer. Haisi firewall chete; inyanzvi yeDeep Packet Inspection (DPI) yakagadzirirwa zvakananga nharaunda dzeOT. Inogona "kunzwisisa" mapuroteni emaindasitiri akadai seModbus TCP, EtherNet/IP, uye OPC, ichibvumira mirairo yepamutemo chete inoenderana nemitemo yakatarwa, uku ichiramba chero mapaketi emirairo asina kujairika kana ane hutsinye, ichipa dziviriro kune ma PLC asina dziviriro asingagoni kugadziriswa.
Chikamu chechitatu: Kusimba kweNetwork uye Kuonekwa–
Kuve nechokwadi chekushanda nguva dzose uye kupindura nekukurumidza Hwaro hwekuchengetedzwa kugadzikana. Network inowanzo donha isina kushanda zvakanaka ndiyo pachayo njodzi huru yekuchengetedza. Uyezve, haugone kudzivirira zvausingaone. Kunzwisisa kwakajeka network yese chinhu chinodiwa kuti uzvidzivirire nekukurumidza uye upindure nekukurumidza.
Maitiro aBelden: Kusimba kweHardware: Tambo dzeBelden, zvinobatanidza, uye maswichi emaindasitiri zvakagadzirirwa nzvimbo dzakaoma dzemaindasitiri, zvine simba rekudzivirira kukanganiswa kwemagetsi, tembiricha yekushanda yakakura, uye kuvimbika kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti network ikwanise kubatana padanho remuviri.
Kuonekwa kweNetwork:HirschmannSoftware yeIndustrial HiVision network management inogona kuona otomatiki zvishandiso zvese zviri munetwork, ichipa kuona topology yenetwork uye mamiriro ehutano panguva chaiyo. Sisitimu iyi ichakurumidza kuburitsa yambiro kana mudziyo usina mvumo wakundikana kana link ikatadza kushanda, zvichibvumira vatariri venetwork kunzwisisa mamiriro acho uye kupindura nekukurumidza.
Kuchengetedzwa kwakagadzirwa mukati, kwete kuwedzerwa. Kuchengetedzwa kwenetiweki yemaindasitiri ihondo yenguva refu; hapana mukana wekubudirira. Zvisinei, netiweki ine dhizaini yekuchengetedza inoshandiswa padanho rezvivakwa ichave yakasimba zvakanyanya panjodzi kupfuura masisitimu anovimba nesoftware yekuchengetedza yekuwedzera.
Maonero aBelden akajeka uye haana kugadzikana: kuchengetedzeka hakufanirwe kuva chinhu chinodhura, asi chinhu chikuru che network. Nekubatanidza nheyo dzakadai sekuparadzaniswa kwenzvimbo, kuchengetedzwa kwemiganhu, kusimba kwe network, uye kuonekwa kwakazara muzvinhu zvese zvakakosha - maswichi, magedhi, tambo, uye software yekutarisira - tinogona kuvaka dziviriro yakasimba yevatengi vedu iyo inogona kutsungirira njodzi dzekunze uku tichiona mashandiro ekugadzira mukati akasimba, nokudaro zvichivagonesa kufamba nemafambiro ekushanduka kwedhijitari zvishoma nezvishoma uye nenzira inochengetedza.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-11-2026